ARCHITECTURE THOUGHOUT THE HISTORY
We are going to start by the roman era. The roman architecture was an universal architecture, they proyected their construction methods everywhere they conquer and they constructed different types of buildings that helped many polis to get importance. One of it’s most important discoveries was the concrete, it allowed to create new elements.
Temples
In terms od religious buildings, romans taked some greek orders. Normally, they placed their temples on very high podiums whose staircase was located in the axies of the door of the cellas.
Romans also experimented with other types of plants. They took elements from Etruscan villages: arcs and vaults.
The Pantheon of Rome is a perfect example of this architecture.
Civil works
They were specialists in the disgn of infrastructuresa s sewage networks (vaulted galleries), aqueducts for water supply to cities, roads, bridges, walls.
Thermal baths
Any Roman city had thermal baths that served as baths, as a library, a school, and lots of other things.
Theaters
Roman theaters derive from the Greek model but are of greater proportions. They were perfectly semicircular, and used for presentatonis of theatrucal, Greek and Roman works without religious or educational purposes.
Amphitheaters
The amphitheaters are the main Roman innovaton. They are double theater presenting an elliptical scene and a continuous grandstand dedicated to fights between gladiators.
Basilica
The creation of the basilica as a court of justice consisted on a space for legal proceedings.
Circus
The Roman circus, was destined for races, shows and performances. The shoows held in the Circus were very successful, moreover «the Circus Maximus of Rome», the oldest and most imposing, had a capacity of more than 385.000 spectators.
Domus
The domus was the habitual dwelling of the richest families, had an impluvium atrium, with surrounding public relatoins rooms and private rooms. They had water, drainage and heating installations.
Insula
The insulas were the dwellings of the plebeians who constituted the most numerous part of the population. They were built with low quality materials and wood. They had no heating so there as a bonfire in the middle of the kitchen for both cooking and heating.
The cities
The Romans structured the city with an orthogonal planning, derived from the camps, that were the basis of the planning.
In the heart of the city was the forum. A civic space in the open air delimited by a colonnade such as toas and public buildings. And the basilica was one of the main buildings of the forum.